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Appeals from Friedebert Tuglas to the ESSR Power Elite

There is not a great deal of information on the appeals that Friedebert Tuglas submitted to the Communist Party elite. The family of the writer’s wife’s sister (the Kurvits family) was deported to Siberia in June of 1941. Tuglas dined with Johannes Vares-Barbarus on 17 December 1944 in Kadriorg and made use of the situation. The request for releasing the family of Elo Tuglas’s sister from Siberia was probably also completed in the course of this encounter. The petition did make its way to Moscow, but it brought no results. Tuglas admittedly thought that a ray of hope emanated from there, but this was a delusive notion fuelled by the illusions of Johannes Vares, the Chairman of the Presidium of the ESSR Supreme Soviet. The standing of Friedebert Tuglas improved in Soviet society in 1946. He was awarded the title of People’s Writer, and the ESSR Academy of Sciences accepted him as a corresponding member. At the crest of this wave, the Tuglases tried once more to petition for the release of the Kurvits family from Siberia. The corresponding petition was submitted to the leader of the Communist Party, Nikolai Karotamm. Unfortunately, this got bogged down as well somewhere in the labyrinth of bureaucracy. Elo Tuglas took the initiative and went to Siberia in August of 1946. There she met with her sister’s family and brought her niece Elo Kurvits to Estonia. When setting about to investigate how this was possible, it turned out that the factor in the return of deported children to Estonia was not the abolition of the system of travel permits on 13 April 1946. This admittedly made it possible to move about in the broad expanses of the Soviet Union, but Estonia still nevertheless remained a closed-off zone. The deciding factor was the state of war. This stipulated restrictions on movement as well, among other things. Accordingly, it was forbidden to travel to or depart from a region that was in a state of war. The state of war was done away with in the territory of the Soviet Union in September of 1945. It remained in effect in the Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian SSR’s, and in the western areas of the Ukrainian and Byelorussian SSR’s. The state of war was done away with as of 4 July 1946 in those territories. It was only then that the restriction on entering Estonia disappeared and the return of deported children to Estonia was in fact triggered starting in the latter half of 1946. Statistics confirm this. Elo Kurvits arrived in Estonia together with her aunt at the crest of this wave. Elo Kurvits was able to remain in her Estonian homeland with the Tuglas family for only two years. The organs of power started taking an interest in her in 1948. After the mass deportation that was carried out in March of 1949, her aunt recommended that she return to her place of banishment in Siberia in order to avoid being taken there by force. Elo Kurvits was detained by Soviet state security operatives in the city of Gorky and her identity was ascertained. The corresponding information was forwarded to the state security organs in Tallinn. Elo Kurvits arrived back in Estonia from her place of banishment in Siberia only as late as the summer of 1956. Friedebert Tuglas applied for a personal pension in 1949. By that time, he had become ostracised for hiding a deportee. He was granted a personal pension after repeated rejections. The personal intervention of Nikolai Karotamm, the 1st Secretary of the ECP Central Committee, brought the desired result. A few months later, Karotamm disappeared from politics and Friedebert Tuglas’s personal pension was also cancelled, which he had succeeded in receiving for only a mere 4 months.